THE NARODNIK GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS OF ROSTOV-ON-DON AND ARMENIANS (THE 70S-80S OF THE 19TH CENTURY)
PDF (Russian)

Keywords

ROSTOV-ON-DON, THE PESHEKEROV BROTHERS, HAKOB SHAPOVALOV, NARODNIK GROUPS, ORGANIZATIONS, MELKON KAYALYAN, MAKAR POPOV

How to Cite

THE NARODNIK GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS OF ROSTOV-ON-DON AND ARMENIANS (THE 70S-80S OF THE 19TH CENTURY). (2026). The New Historical Bulletin, 2 (88), 240-264. https://nivestnik.su/index.php/journal/article/view/401

Abstract

In the article, we presented the activities of the Narodnik groups and organizations of Rostov-on-Don in the 70s-80s of the 19th century emphasizing the active participation of Armenian and Russian Narodniks in that movement. We mentioned that back in the 1860s, individuals with democratic or oppositional views had come to Nakhichevan-on-Don from various regions of Russia, the Caucasus, and even abroad, and had played a major role in the formation of the Narodnikgroups. The study highlighted the main directions of the Narodnik movement, the main factors contributing to the participation of Armenians and the activities of individual Narodniks. The stages of development and decline of the activities of the Narodnaya Volya group were particularly emphasized. In the article, we have touched upon the activities of famous figures of the Narodnik movement: the brothers S. and P. Peshekerov, M. Popov, A. Khachumov, U. Asvadurova, M. Kayalyan and others, who not only actively participated in that movement, but also often founded new groups and organizations themselves. It is worth noting that S. Peshekerov and H. Shapovalov stood out while still at the Realakan School of Rostov-on-Don. Based on articles published in various scientific journals and other sources, we have presented the Narodnik ideas of Litvinov, Petros and Platon Peshekerov, and A. Nechvolodov, and the significance and consequences of their spread. In the article, we used valuable materials available in the archives of Russia and Armenia.

PDF (Russian)

References

1. Bach A. Memories of a Narodnaya Volya member, “Byloye”, 1907, No. 1 /13. pp. 117-155.

Bach A. Memories of a Narodnaya Volya member (1882-1885), Moscow, 1904.

Bach A. Notes of a Narodnaya Volya member, Moscow, 1929, p. 253.

Бах А. Воспоминания народовольца, «Былое», 1907, № 1 /13/. С. 117-155.

Бах А. Воспоминания народовольца (1882-1885 гг., Москва, 1904 Бах А. Записки народовольца, Москва, 1929. С. 253.

2. Hovhannisyan A. The Participation of Eastern Armenians in the Revolutionary Movements of Russia and Transcaucasia (1860s-1870s), “Patmabanasirakan handes” // Historical and Philological Journal, 1968, №. 2, pp. 15-36.

Հովհանիսյան Ա. Արևելահայերի մասնակցությունը Ռուսաստանի և Անդրկովկասի հեղափոխական շարժումներին (1860-1870-ական թվականներ), ՊԲՀ, 1968, № 2, էջեր 15-38.

3. Barkhudaryan V. The Armenian Colony of the Don (On the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the founding of New Nakhichevan-on-Don) // Historical and Philological journal, 1980, No. 1(88).

Barkhudaryan V., Aleksanyan H. History of the Armenian Colonies of Russia, Yerevan, 2015.

Barkhudaryan V. History of the Armenian Colony of New Nakhichevan-on-Don (1861-1917), Yerevan, 1985.

4. Barkhudaryan V. B., Aleksanyan H. A. History of the Armenian Diasporas of Russia, p. 129.

5. Barkhudaryan V. The Armenian community of the Don (On the Occasion of the 200th Anniversary of the Founding of New Nakhichevan-on-Don) // Historical and Philological Journal, 1980, №. 1(88), p. 161.

6. Ghevondyan H. The Revolutionary Narodnik movement in Armenian Reality in the 70s-80s of the 19th Century, Yerevan, 1991.

Ղևոնդյան Հ. Հեղափոխական նարոդնիկական շարժումը հայ իրականության մեջ XIX դարի 70-80-ական թվականներին. Եր., 1991.

7. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, “Patmabanasirakanhandes” // Historical and Philological” Journal, 1975, No. 4, pp. 85-102.

Терещенко А. Новонахичеванцы в революционном народническом движении, Историко-филологический журнал, 1975, №4 , с. 85-102.

8. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 86.

9. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 86.

10. Peshekerov P. The Propaganda of the Narodniks among the Workers of Rostov-on-Don in 1882-1884, Narodniks after March 1, 1881, a Collection of Articles and Materials Compiled by Participants in the Narodnik movement, Moscow, 1928, p. 117.

Пешекеров П. Пропаганда народовольцев среди рабочих в Ростове-на-Дону в 1882-1884 гг. // Народовольцы после 1-го марта 1881 года: сборник статей и материалов, составленный участниками народовольческого движения, М., 1928. С. 117.

11. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 87.

12. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 87.

13. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 87.

14. Peshekerov P. The Propaganda of the Narodniks among the Workers of Rostov-on-Don in 1882-1884. Narodniks after March 1, 1881, p. 120.

15. Peshekerov P. p. 120.

16. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 88.

17. State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF), Review of the Most Important Investigations for 1882, p. 89.

Государственный архив Российской Федерации (ГАРФ), Обзор важнейших дознаний за 1882 г. Л. 89.

18. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 90.

19. Bach A. Memories of a Narodnaya Volya member, p. 193.

20. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 90.

21. Danielyan M., Danielyan L. The Activities of the Brothers S. and P. Peshekerov in the Narodnik organizations of the city of Rostov-on-Don // Region and the World. №. 3, 2025, pp. 95-102.

Даниелян М., Даниелян Л., Деятельность братьев С. И П. Пешекеровых в народнических организациях города Ростова-на-Дону // Регион и мир, № 3, 2025. С. 95-102.

22. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 90.

23. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 91.

24. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, Document 1123, P. 2.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102. Оп. 1889 г. Д. 1123. Л. 2.

25. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, Document 1123, P. 27.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102. Оп. 1889 г. Д. 1123. Л. 27.

26. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, Document 1123, P. 27.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102. Оп. 1889 г. Д. 1123. Л. 27.

27. Peshekerov P. The Propaganda of the Narodniks among the Workers of Rostov-on-Don in 1882-1884, Narodniks after March 1, 1881, p. 120.

28. Peshekerov P. P. 120.

29. Peshekerov P. P. 120.

30. Barkhudaryan V. History of the Armenian Colony of New Hakhichevan (1861-1917), p. 223.

31. Sukhomlin V. From the era of the decline of the party ‘’Narodnaya Volya’’. Hard Laborand Exile, 1926, No. 7-8, P. 79.

Сухомлин В. Из эпохи упадка партии ‹›Народная Воля››// Каторга и ссылка, 1926, № 7-8. С. 79.

32. Tereshchenko A. The mentioned work, p. 94.

33. State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF), Review of the most important inquiries from July 1, 1884 to January 1, 1885, p. 39.

ГАРФ, Обзор важнейших дознаний с 1-го июля 1884 года, по 1-е января 1885 года. Л. 39.

34. Bach A. Notes of a Narodnaya Volya member, Moscow, 1929, p. 129.

Бах А. Записки народовольца, М. 1929 г. С. 129.

35. Sukhomlin V. From the era of the decline of the party ‘’NarodnayaVolya’’. Hard Labor and Exile, p. 40.

36. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 89.

37. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 94.

38. Tereshchenko A. ibid, p. 90.

39. Peshekerov P. The Propaganda of the Narodniks among the Workers of Rostov-on-Don in 1882-1884, Narodniks after March 1, 1881, p.120.

40. Sukhomlin V. From the era of the decline of the party ‘’Narodnaya Volya’’. Hard Labor and Exile, p.85.

41. Bach A. Notes of a Narodnaya Volya member, pp. 129-130.

42. Popov M. ‘’Trifles of the Past’’, Penal Servitude and Exile, 1924, №. 12, pp. 123-124.

Попов М. ‘’Мелочи прошлого’’, Каторга и ссылка, 1924. № 12. С. 123-124.

43. Literature of the party ‘’Narodnaya Volya’’, M. 1930, p. 269.

Литература партии ‘’Народная воля’’, М. 1930. С. 269.

44. Peshekerov P. The Propaganda of the Narodniks among the Workers of Rostov-on-Don in 1882-1884, Narodniks after March 1, 1881.

45. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Review of the most important inquiries from January 1, 1885 to January 1, 1886, p. 29.

ГАРФ, Обзор важнейших дознаний с 1-го января 1885 года по 1-е января 1886 года. Л. 29.

46. Ghevondyan H. The Revolutionary Narodnik movement in Armenian Reality in the 70s-80s of the 19th Century, p. 76.

47. Chronicle of the socialist movement in Russia (1878-1887), M. 1906, p. 321.

Хроника социалистического движения в России (1878-1887 гг.), М., 1906. С. 321.

48. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, 3-dvo, op. 1890, Document 1094, P. 3.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102, 3-дво. Оп. 1890 г. Д. 1094. Л. 3.

49. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, 3-dvo, op. 1890, Document 1094, P. 3.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102, 3-дво. Оп. 1890 г. Д. 1094. Л. 3.

50. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, 3-dvo, op. 1890, Document 1094, P. 3.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102, 3-дво. Оп. 1890 г. Д. 1094. Л. 3.

51. State Archives of the Russian Federation, Fund 102, 3-dvo, op. 1890, Document 1094, P. 3. ГАРФ. Ф. 102, 3-дво. Оп. 1890 г. Д. 1094. Л. 3.

52. Peshekerov P. The Propaganda of the Narodniks among the Workers of Rostov-on-Don in 1882-1884, Narodniks after March 1, 1881….

53. Hovhannisyan A. The Participation of Eastern Armenians in the Revolutionary Movements of Russia and Transcaucasia (1860s-1870s), p.26.

54. Bach A. Notes of a Narodnaya Volya member, p. 30.

55. The Figures of the Revolutionary Movement in Russia: Biographical and bibliographical dictionary, compiled by A. A. Shilov and M. G. Karnaukhova, vol. 3, issue 1, Moscow, 1933, column 25.

Деятели революционного движения в России: Био-библиографический словарь, составлен А. А. Шиловым и М. Г. Карнауховой, т. 3, вып. 1, М. 1933, стб. 25.

56. Деятели революционного движения в России: Био-библиографический словарь, составлен А. А. Шиловым и М. Г. Карнауховой, т. 3, вып. 1, М. 1933, стб. 25.

57. Деятели революционного движения в России: Био-библиографический словарь, составлен А. А. Шиловым и М. Г. Карнауховой, т. 3, вып. 1, М. 1933, стб. 25.

58. Archive of Foreign Policy of Russia (AVPR). F. 151. Op. 482. D. 2811. P. 108. (Архив внешней политики России (АВПР). Ф. 151. Оп. 482. Д. 2811. Л. 108).

59. Деятели революционного движения в России: Био-библиографический словарь, составлен А. А. Шиловым и М. Г. Карнауховой, т. 3, вып. 1, М. 1933, стб. 25.

60. Hovhannisyan A. The Participation of Eastern Armenians in the Revolutionary Movements of Russia and Transcaucasia (1860s-1870s), pp. 26-27.

61. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 101.

62. Tereshchenko A. p. 101.

63. Tereshchenko A. p.101.

64. Romanchenko T. The Workers’ Organization in Rostov in 1885-1887, Members of Narodnaya Volya after March 1, 1881: Collection of Articles and Materials edited by A. V. Yakimova-Dikovskaya etc., Moscow, 1928, p. 130.

Романченко Т. Рабочая организация в Ростове в 1885-1887 гг., Народовольцы после 1-го марта 1881 г.: Сборник статей и материалов, под ред. A. B. Якимовой-Диковской и др., Москва, 1928. С.130.

65. The Figures of the Revolutionary Movement in Russia: Biographical and bibliographical dictionary, compiled by A. A. Shilov and M. G. Karnaukhova, vol. 3, issue 1, Moscow, 1933, column 131.

Деятели революционного движения в России: Био-библиографический словарь, составлен А. А. Шиловым и М. Г. Карнауховой, т. 3, вып. 1, М. 1933, стб. 131.

66. State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF). F. 102. Op. 1889. D. 863. P. 2.

ГАРФ. Ф. 102, 3-дво. Оп. 1889 г. Д. 863. Л. 2.

67. Tereshchenko A. The New Nakhichevan-on-Dons in the Revolutionary Narodnik movement, p. 101.

68. Tereshchenko A. p. 101.

69. Barkhudaryan V., Aleksanyan H. History of the Armenian Colonies of Russia, Yerevan, 2015 Barkhudaryan V. History of the Armenian Colony of New Nakhichevan-on-Don (1861-1917), Yerevan, 1985.

Բարխուդարյան Վ. Բ. Դոնի հայկական գաղութը (Նոր Նախիջևանի հիմնադրման 200-ամյակի առթիվ), Պատմաբանասիրական հանդես, 1980, № 1(88): Բարխուդարյան Վ. Ալեքսանյան Հ. Ռուսաստանի հայ գաղթօջախների պատմություն, Եր. 2015: Բարխուդարյան Վ. Նոր Հախիջևանի հայկական գաղութի պատմություն (1861-1917), Եր., 1985.

70. Բարխուդարյան Վ. Բ. Դոնի հայկական գաղութը (Նոր Նախիջևանի հիմնադրման 200-ամյակի առթիվ), Պատմաբանասիրական հանդես, 1980, № 1(88): Բարխուդարյան Վ. Ալեքսանյան Հ. Ռուսաստանի հայ գաղթօջախների պատմություն, Եր. 2015: Բարխուդարյան Վ. Նոր Հախիջևանի հայկական գաղութի պատմություն (1861-1917), Եր., 1985.